Analogy

● The word analogy means “correspondence” which implies a similarity

between any two numbers, or objects, or words.

● Here two things are compared and conclusion are drawn based on their

similarities or dissimilarities

● In such types of questions, we would be given any two objects that are

somehow related to each other. Then we will be given a third object and shall

be asked to fnd the fourth object which is somewhat similar to the 3’rd object

from the given options.

Example 1 :

Answer : Option (1)

Explanation : Hand is to ring as head is to cap. A ring is worn on a person's hand; a

cap is worn on a person's head.

Example 2 :

Calf : Cow :: Puppy : ?

1. Cub

2. Kitten

3. Dog

4. Snake

Answer : Option 3 : Dog

Explanation : A calf’s parent is a cow and puppy’s parent is a dog.

Types of Analogy Reasoning:

1. Alphabet or Word Based Analogy:

In this type of analogy reasoning, a pair of letters or words are given in

a certain similarity between them.

Another word or letter is also given with the same similarities.

Candidates need to fnd out the similarities between the frst two words

and choose the word from the given alternatives, which carries the

same similarities to the "? " Unknown one , as the two frst carry.

Example 1:

Question : EL : HJ : DY : ?

Solution: It alphabetic order E comes at 5th Position so we have written E (5)

and similarly other alphabets with their sequence number

E(5)+ 3 = H(8) and L(12) - 2 - J(10)

Similarly, D(4) + 3 - G(7) and Y(25) - 2 - W(23)

Hence, GW will replace the question mark

Example 2 :

Question : Painting: Frame :: Book : ?

A. Knowledge

B. Reading

C. Cover

D. Printing

Answer : C . Cover

Explanation: painting is protected by its frame similarly a book is protected by

its cover.

2. Number Based analogy /Numerical Analogy :

In this type of analogy reasoning, a pair of numbers are given in a

certain similarity between them.

Another number is also given with the same similarities. Candidates

need to fnd out the similarities between the frst two numbers and

choose the number from the given alternatives, which carries the same

similarities to the "?" Unknown one , as the frst two carry.

Example :

Question 1: 67: 76 : 42: ?

Solution: 67+9=76

Similarly, 42+9= 51,

Hence, 51 will replace the question mark.

Question 2: 71:42 : 98: ?

Solution: 71 - 29 = 42

Similar , 98 - 29 = 69

Hence, 69 will replace the question mark.

3. Image Based Analogy :

In this type of analogy reasoning, a pair of Images are given in a certain

similarity between them.

Another Image is also given with the same similarities. Candidates

need to fnd out the similarities between the frst two Images and

choose the correct image from the given alternatives, which carries the

same similarities to the "?" Unknown one , as the frst two.

Example 1 :

Answer : Option D

Explanation: Car is to horse and buggy as computer is to pen and ink. This

relationship shows the difference between modern times and times past.

Example 2 :

Answer: Option A

Explanation: Cup is to bowl as vacuum cleaner is to broom. This is another

relationship about function. The cup and bowl are both used for eating. The

vacuum cleaner and broom are both used for cleaning.

Analogies [ Formulas + Notes ]

Curriculum

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Analogies [ Formulas + Notes ]

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